Tag: anemia , bleeding , blood , bone marrow , cancer , Frequent infections , hematology
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Blood Cancer (Leukemia)
Introduction Blood cancer encompasses cancers that originate in the bone marrow (organ that produces blood cells). Most of the blood cancers involve white blood cells (cells that fight infection) and are called leukemia. Cancers can also develop in the red blood cells (cells that carry oxygen) and p
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Black stools
Black stools can be due to bleeding in gastrointestinal (GI) tract or ingestion of certain medications (iron, bismuth) or certain food (blueberries). Black, tarry, sticky and smelly stool is caused by bleeding in the GI tract, and is known as melena. Malena is a serious medical
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Acute Kidney Failure
Kidney failure means the kidneys become unable to filter the blood and remove waste and excess salt and water from body. Kidney failure can occur acutely over hours and days or develop gradually over a period. When kidney stops working abruptly, it is called acute kidney failure (injury) . When kidney function
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Ascariasis
Ascariasis is infestation of humans intestine by roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides). The roundworm may reside in the guts for 6 to 24 months. The eggs are passed into the stool and under warm, shady, moist conditions they can survive for up to 10 years. The infection is transmitted by in
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Excess Urination
Excess urination can be frequent urination (with normal total urine output) or urinating abnormally large volume of urine (usually more than 3 liter/24 hours in adults) called polyuria. It is a common problem in men and women of all ages but more common in middle age or older indiv
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Weight Loss
Weight loss that is meaningful clinically (in relation to your disease) is the loss of more than 5% of usual body weight over a six-month period. This arbitrary cut-off needs to be considered carefully as this does not tell about whether the given weight loss is due to loss of body fat (
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Fatigue / Tiredness
Tiredness means you feel exhausted both during activity as well as rest,, even while sleeping as well. It is not a disease but could be a symptom of various physical and psychological ailments. It can alternatively be called as fatigue; exhaustion; lethargy or weariness. We all
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Vitamin Deficiency
Vitamins are a group of substances that are needed, in very small amounts, for your body to grow and develop normally. There are two broad categories of Vitamins based upon how they are absorbed:
- Fat-soluble vitamins
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Menstrual Irregularities
Menstrual abnormalities include irregular menstrual cycle, heavy bleeding and painful menstruation. Irregular menses denotes variation in the length of a menstrual cycle. A menstrual cycle is the period between the first day of bleeding of one cycle to the onset of next period of bleeding. A normal menstrual
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Lupus)
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease of immune system that can affect many organs in the body. Normally, the immune system produces proteins directed against infectious agents and protects us from infection. In SLE, however, your body produces antibodies that attack body’s o
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Malaria
Malaria is a febrile, mosquito-borne disease caused by parasitic protozoa, Plasmodium. Four different species of Plasmodium cause malaria. The parasite is transmitted by bite of female Anopheles mosquito. It occurs mostly in high temperature areas - tropical regions and the Terai belt of Nepal. Infected female Anoph
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Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus (commonly called diabetes) is a chronic disease where your blood sugar levels are persistently high. There is an important hormone called insulin in our body that keeps the blood glucose level within normal range. Insulin is produced by pancreas which is a gland located behind the stomach between the
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Anemia
Anemia Anemia is a condition where your hemoglobin level is low. Hemoglobin is the substance found in the red blood cell that carries oxygen in the blood. When you are anemic the oxygen carrying capacity of you blood in reduced and it may not be enough to meet the dem
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Cancer
Cancer is a disease of abnormal cell proliferation. In a healthy organs, cells divide and grow in a regulated and controlled fashion. When these cell start to divide and grow unpredictably and uncontrollably, it develops into a lump know as tumor. These groups of abnormal cell can infiltrate causing destruction of surr
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Breast Cancer
Breast cancer occurs when normal cells of breast change their characteristics and grow uncontrollably. Breast Cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death after lung cancer. Nearly one million women are diagnosed with breast cancer each year. It is usually detected as a breast
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Jaundice
Jaundice is a condition in which your skin and eyes turn yellow due to high levels of bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment that is normally produced in our body when old red blood cells die. These pigments are then metabolised by the liver and excreted into the intesti
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Hookworm Infestation
Hookworm infestation is a parasitic disease of humans caused by one of the two organisms- Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. It is the second most common helminthic infection in developing world. Hookworms are found in soil contaminated by human feces. The transmission of infection occurs when the following